Nietzsche s Critique Of Nicomachean Ethics By Using On...

Friedrich Nietzsche and Aristotle were great philosophers of their respective times, but their ideas and beliefs were completely different from each other. The focus of this paper will be on Nietzsche’s critique of Nicomachean Ethics by using On the Genealogy of Morals. Nietzsche had a different outlook on philosophy, especially in historical and goal oriented terms. According to Nietzsche, everything, including virtues, needed to be understood through change and historical development. Aristotle believed that human nature was static while Nietzsche believed that human nature changed over time. Another difference between the philosophers was Aristotle’s teleological understanding of the world. Aristotle was under the impression that a goal-oriented description was needed to understand the world. Nietzsche believed that humanity’s will was always in a state of willing but not towards any specific goal. Aristotle believed that humanity was always trying to achieve happiness. Nietzsche, on the other hand, believed that the human will was never directed towards one universal goal, like happiness, because goals of any kind ignore evolutionary fact and the possibility of change. First off, what would Nietzsche say about Nicomachean Ethics? Nietzsche was under the impression that new historical developments were happening in the world but they did not occur all the time. However, these historical changes helped explain why human nature changed as well. This notion completely

Developing a relationship between student and teacher Free Essays

string(326) " instruction systems is invariably altering in response to the alteration in society demands, â€Å" many of the instructors lack resources and professional development support needed for this clip of alteration to be a period of personal growing, instead it becomes a clip of emphasis and feeling of insufficiency † \." In recent clip, there is more to learning than merely presenting course of study ; therefore Teachers are more concerned about how to develop a good acquisition environment. Teaching procedure is now focused on how to undertake issues such as the type of inquiries to be asked, who should reply them in Class, approximately when to acquire involved in treatments, when and how to promote and censure pupils and besides when to stir or decelerate down. These inquiries are assorted and the list could travel on and on. We will write a custom essay sample on Developing a relationship between student and teacher or any similar topic only for you Order Now Teachers are besides cognizant of the differences in categories with each category developing its ain alone larning environment. Therefore when instructors teach two categories in the same twelvemonth degree with the same class, the category needs varies as a consequence of their differences A relationship exists between Students and Teacher as a consequence of the Learning environment. In given clip norms of behavior are established, both on the portion of the instructor every bit good as by the pupils, as values and outlooks on both sides become clear. A behavioral form consequences from this based on the cognition that pupils have of their instructor and frailty versa. Therefore ensuing in a acquisition environment which may either be a really encouraging one where pupils enjoy their work and experience respected or be detering if the work ethos and satisfactory relationships are absent. Harmonizing to a Research into schoolroom larning environments by Fraser1994, and Wubbels A ; Levy, 1993 which is based upon pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their acquisition environment it is established that pupils ‘ larning behaviors in category will be mostly determined by the manner in which they perceive their acquisition environment. This can be farther substantiated, by another survey carried out by Brekelmans, Wubbels A ; Creton, 1990 which besides indicate that pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior accounted for more discrepancy in pupil results than did the debut of a new natural philosophies course of study. Besides, Brekelmans, Wubbels A ; Levy, 1993 besides illustrated that pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior accounted for discrepancy of a full appraisal class. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) structured the research towards specifying the â€Å" ideal † image of quality in scientific discipline instruction and acquisition, to happen out the â€Å" existent † pattern of what is go oning in schools, and in conclusion, to develop effectual recommendations to travel towards shuting the spread between the existent and ideal. This was achieved through a assorted method of informations aggregation which includes systematic reappraisal of educational research, scientific discipline course of study and studies ; group meetings of scientific discipline instructors ; random telephone study of instructors ; pupil ‘s studies and aggregation of informations from stakeholders. . IDEAL PICTURE The ideal image cardinal footing is that scientific literacy is a high precedence for all human therefore enabling them to develop involvement and understanding the universe around them, besides leting them to prosecute in discourses of scientific discipline, to be doubting and inquiring of claims of others on scientific related affairs in order to be able to place inquiries and give decisions based on grounds, and besides to transport out determinations about the environment and their ain good being and wellness. The ideal and existent image is therefore described by Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) in the undermentioned subjects: â€Å" ( 1 ) The scientific discipline course of study is relevant to the demands, concerns and personal experiences of pupils. ( 2 ) Teaching and acquisition of scientific discipline is centred on enquiry. Students investigate, concept and trial thoughts and accounts about the natural universe. ( 3 Assessment serves the intent of acquisition and is consistent with and complementary to good instruction. ( 4 ) The teaching-learning environment is characterized by enjoyment, fulfillment, ownership of and battle in acquisition, and common regard between the instructor and pupils. ( 5 ) Teachers are life-long scholars who are supported, nurtured and resourced to Construct the apprehensions and competences required of modern-day best Practice. ( 6 ) Teachers of scientific discipline have a recognized calling way based on sound professional criterions endorsed by the profession. ( 7 ) Excellent installations, equipment and resources support instruction and acquisition. ( 8 ) Class sizes make it possible to use a scope of learning schemes and supply Opportunities for the instructor to acquire to cognize each kid as a scholar and give Feedback to persons. ( 9 ) Science and scientific discipline instruction are valued by the community, have high precedence the school course of study, and scientific discipline instruction is perceived as exciting and valuable, Lending significantly to the development of individuals and to the economic and societal wellbeing of the state † . Actual Picture The existent image of scientific discipline instruction and larning seem to be a really dissatisfactory one and besides of great variableness. Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) , explained that course of study statements by and large â€Å" supply a model for a scientific discipline course of study focused on developing scientific literacy and assisting pupils progress toward accomplishing the stated results, the existent course of study implemented in most schools is different from the intended course of study † . In their research it is observed that in some instances some primary schools do non learn scientific discipline at all hence, pupils lack the scientific background and where taught on a regular footing, all activities are centred towards the pupil, resulting a high degree of pupil satisfaction hence making a room to encompass scientific discipline. Many of the pupils on acquiring to the high school feel greatly defeated, because the scientific discipline they were taught is neither important nor appealing and does non look relevant with their involvements and experiences. The new acquisition environment characterized with the Traditional chalk-and-talk Teaching procedure, note copying and practical lessons which the pupils are now sing gives small challenge and no room for exhilaration. A high figure of scientific discipline instructors feel undervalued, with no equal resource and overloaded with non learning responsibilities. As the instruction systems is invariably altering in response to the alteration in society demands, â€Å" many of the instructors lack resources and professional development support needed for this clip of alteration to be a period of personal growing, instead it becomes a clip of emphasis and feeling of insufficiency † . You read "Developing a relationship between student and teacher" in category "Essay examples" It is hence as a consequence of this that up to half of instructors of scientific discipline degree Celsius ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aare.edu.au/98pap/fis98269.htmonsider alteration in calling. LITERATURE REVIEW. Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) carried out a research literature on course of study paperss and studies refering scientific discipline instruction in schools followed by synthesis of research about the instruction and acquisition of scientific discipline. Foregrounding the importance of scientific literacy as a general intent for scientific instruction for all pupils and besides taking a place that good instruction provides the experiences and supportive environment that encourages scientific discipline acquisition. Meaning AND IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY. Science is an component of the human hunt for understanding and wisdom, therefore reflecting human wonder about the universe. Obtaining an penetration to what scientific literacy is, will guarantee that we acknowledge its importance as it is cardinal to quality instruction and acquisition in scientific discipline. Scientific literacy is defined clearly in the National Science Education Standards ( NSES ) [ NRC, 1996 ] . Briefly, it is â€Å" the cognition and apprehension of scientific constructs and procedures required for personal determination devising, engagement in civic and cultural personal businesss, and economic productiveness † ( p.22 ) . . Scientific literacy has many aspects, from leting a individual to inquire, happen, or determine replies to inquiries derived from wonder about mundane experiences.- the ability of a individual to depict, explicate, and predict natural phenomenon.Therefore leting Persons to expose their scientific literacy in different ways, such as utilizing proficient footings in the appropriate ways, or in scientific constructs applications and procedures. Besides making the avenue for persons to frequently hold differences in literacy in different spheres, such as more understanding of life-science constructs and words, and less understanding of physical-science constructs and words. Scientific literacy has diverse signifiers and grades which lasts over a life-time, it widens and deepens, and non limited to old ages in school. But It hence follow on the attitudes and values that has been established toward scientific discipline during the early old ages and so determine a individual ‘s growing of scientific literacy as an grownup. Layton et Al. ( 1994 ) grouped scientific discipline and engineering together, uncovering the manner that the two are normally spoken or written about in analysis of scientific literacy. The nexus between scientific discipline and engineering is debatable, this explains the ground they are separated in some school course of study or placed together at different instruction degree in the National Curriculum. While some facets of engineering, and its definition when perceived in footings of doing or planing, might be distinguished from scientific discipline, there lies the fact that scientific discipline can non be split up from engineering and up to this clip will stay important to the universe of pupils and the wider human race. Jenkins ( 1992 ) makes a instance that scientific discipline has changed in the terminal parts of the twentieth century therefore, going more commercialised and industrialised and more integrated with engineering. He besides stated that the hereafter citizens pupils â€Å" should cognize something of the great rational accomplishments of scienceaˆÂ ¦their lives will be affected more straight, personally and, sometimes, adversely, by the ways in which scientific cognition is deployed through arrange of engineerings runing from medical specialty, conveyance and communicating to employment, design and fabrication † . Harmonizing to Jenkins, it is arguable â€Å" that the scientific discipline to be taught in schools should be relocated within these contexts, instead than, as at nowadays, be concerned with the grammar and sentence structure of the scientific subjects † . Teaching and Learning in Science A societal constructivist position is the prevailing position of larning in scientific discipline. Driver, Asoko, Leach, Mortimer, A ; Scott, 1994 wrote that basically this means † that scholars construct their ain cognition and apprehensions based on what they already know and the socio-cultural context in which they find themselves † . Learning is an effectual process in which scholars adopt doing sense of their understanding about the universe. However this is required of everyone so as to be able to work in the universe around them. Learning either in scientific discipline schoolrooms or any environment, from any beginning occurs in similar ways. Learners build cognition and thoughts in scientific discipline which logical to them by associating the new information acquired to their bing conceptual models. Significantly, the extra information is integrated into bing mental model in ways that are meaningful to the scholar. Therefore, scholars ‘ old cognition and experiences are of import in placing what their new cognition and apprehension will be like. Accountability of how pupils learn can be measured through effectual instruction. In another sense, good instructors know a great trade more than the capable affair they teach. Darling Hammond ( 1997 ) points out that Research confirms that instructor cognition of capable affair, pupil acquisition and development, and learning methods are all of import elements of instructor effectivity. The recent reappraisals of more than two 100 surveies contradict the long clip established myths which indicates that anyone can take up learning and that so called instructors are born and non made. Because scholars and contexts differ, there is no individual best attack for instruction of scientific discipline. Alternatively, in accomplishing effectual acquisition in scientific discipline assorted attacks are needed, to do a peculiar facet of scientific discipline available to each peculiar group of scholars. Clearly, significant contemplation and apprehension is indispensable on the portion of the scientific discipline teacher although this requires clip and experience but its ownership should non be undervalued. Shulman ( 1986 ) explained pedagogical content cognition to be a quality which involves careful planning in mixing the cognition of the topic and cognition of the scholar. Lemke 1990 demonstrated that Teachers must further the usage and development of linguistic communication accomplishments in scientific discipline as it is a topic which require the usage of linguistic communication in peculiar ways when depicting scientific constructs. For illustration, Words such as energy and work have specific significances in scientific discipline that are reasonably different to mundane significances. .Student besides need to be capable of utilizing appropriate linguistic communication in conveying and clear uping their thought and to pass on their apprehension of scientific discipline constructs in a scope of signifiers, including diagrams, tabular arraies, words, graphs and symbols. RESEARCH APPROACH /METHODOLOGY. David, Rawnsley, Darrell Fisher ( 1998 ) carried out an fact-finding research appraising a sample of 490 pupils in 23 Year 9 mathematics categories in Adelaide, South Australia. Year 9 pupils were chosen in this study sing that they are of the age where the instructor plays a important function in their schoolroom. During the twelvemonth 8, which is the first twelvemonth of the secondary school, there is a edifice block of newness and freshness about schooling, whilst in senior old ages pupils frequently have a motivational factor about their future employment or third survey. Besides, Year 9 by and large contains common mathematics across the twelvemonth group, which eliminates the divisions of concern and applied mathematics present in some Year 10 cohorts. Year 9 besides is known to be a complex twelvemonth for pupils and as a consequence one where the instructor has an cardinal function in the initiation of an proper schoolroom larning environment. Two instruments were used to ob tain the information from pupils ; 1: A alteration of What is Happening in this Classroom? ( WHIC ) was used to find the perceptual experiences of pupils about their schoolroom acquisition environment. 2: . The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction ( QTI ) was used to find pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior in the schoolroom. Choices of pupils besides were interviewed to supply qualitative informations to assist explicate and magnify the findings of the instruments. The version of the WHIC instrument used in this survey has been late developed for mensurating pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their schoolroom acquisition environment. The instrument which was developed in two signifiers consist of a Personal signifier and a Class signifier, both of which are indistinguishable but the accent in the Personal signifier is based on pupil ‘s perceptual experiences of his or her personal interaction with the schoolroom environment while, on the Class signifier each point focuses on pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of the category ‘s interactions with the schoolroom environment The instrument contains 64 statements, mensurating pupils ‘ perceptual experiences based on eight graduated tables. These 8 graduated tables step pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of the sum of ( 1 ) Student Cohesion, ( 2 ) Teacher Support, ( 3 ) Involvement/Negotiation ( 4 ) , Investigation, ( 5 ) Cooperation, ( 6 ) Undertaking Orientation, ( 7 ) Equity, and ( 8 ) Emphasis on Understanding in the schoolroom. Below are two given illustrations of the statements on the ( 1 ) personal and category signifiers and ( 2 ) Teacher support ( one of the eight graduated tables of measuring ) On the Personal signifier the first two points are, â€Å" I make friendly relationships among pupils in this category † and â€Å" I get to cognize other pupils in this category well † . These points have a personal focal point. The same points in the Class signifier have a category focal point: â€Å" Friendships are made among pupils in this category † ; and â€Å" Students in this category get to cognize each other good † . The instrument has been shown to be dependable, with acceptable discriminate cogency and to satisfactorily discriminate between categories. An illustration of the statements in the instrument based on instructor support that the pupils were asked to reply was ( a ) †The instructor takes a personal involvement in pupils † , and ( B ) â€Å" The instructor considers pupils ‘ feelings † . Given the undermentioned option for them to take ‘Almost Never Happens ‘ , ‘Seldom Happens ‘ , †˜Sometimes Happens ‘ , ‘Often Happens ‘ or ‘Almost Always Happens ‘ to find the state of affairs traveling on in the schoolrooms. After which Students ‘ perceptual experiences of their schoolroom acquisition environments are so profiled harmonizing to the category point average mark for each graduated table The 2nd instrument used in the study was the Questionnaire on Interaction ( QTI Teacher ) . This is a 48-item instrument which measures pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior in the schoolroom. It is based on the Leary ( 1957 ) theoretical account of interpersonal behavior and measures pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of the grade of dominance/submission and cooperation/opposition in the instructor ‘s behavior in the schoolroom. Brekelmans, Wubbels A ; Creton, 1990 attest to Its dependability and cogency and it has been good documented for surveies in The Netherlands. Interpersonal behavior by the instructor scores extremely on the Leadership graduated table and this is chiefly the dominant behavior in the schoolroom. Wubbles, Creton, Levy A ; Hooymayers,1993 explained that with a 2nd feature of cooperation, that such instructor will â€Å" detect what ‘s go oning, lead, organize, set undertakings, determine processs, construction the schoolroom state of affairs, explicate, keep attending † . . Table below shows the primary and secondary features and sample points from each of the eight dimensions of the QTI. When the category is surveyed, the category point mean for each dimension can so be mapped to demo the profile of pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior in the schoolroom. Consequence Associations Between Student Perceptions of their Classroom Learning Environment, Using the WHIC, and Student Outcomes can be grouped into two a ) Attitudinal results and B ) Cognitive results Attitudinal result ; The consequence obtained showed that there is high correlativity between the represented behavior in the graduated tables of the WHIC and pupils ‘ attitude towards their acquisition of mathematics. The consequence is both clear on the Personal and Class signifiers. In larning mathematics a more encouraging consequence were established in categories where pupils see coherence among themselves and just intervention, and where fact-finding work was carried out by pupils, and obtained a clear way of their undertaking. The surveies besides show that pupils appreciate a small sum of competition instead than stressing cooperation. Hattie, Byrne A ; Fraser ( 1987 ) found that pupils were more ready to clash and fight, and more marked in male pupils. Cognitive results in footings of simple correlativity and standardised Regression coefficients ; the graduated table of Investigation was negatively correlated with pupils ‘ cognitive results. This suggests that pupils who have the highest cognitive results see that they are involved in less fact-finding work in their mathematics categories. On the other manus, those pupils who observe they are involved in more fact-finding behavior scored lower on the cognitive trials. The QTI examines the interpersonal behavior between instructors and pupils, as perceived by pupils. The graduated tables of Leadership, Helping/Friendly, Understanding and Student Responsibility/Freedom each had positive correlativities with pupils ‘ attitudes towards the mathematics category. Conversely the staying four graduated tables of Uncertain, Dissatisfied, Admonishing and Strict interpersonal behavior each had negative correlativity It was discovered that a more positive attitudes was developed in categories where the instructor was perceived to be just, extremely supportive, stressing strongly on pupils ‘ understanding the work, were involved in probes, showed leading, helping-friendly behavior and lesser admonition of pupils. Students displayed the highest cognitive additions in categories where pupils discovered that the instructor emphasised understanding the work. The lowest cognitive additions was seen in categories where pupils perceived that the instructor was dissatisfied, gave excessively much freedom to them and duty, and where they were involved in probes. David, Rawnsley, Darrell and Fisher ( 1998 ) reported that † In categories where pupils view their instructor as largely demoing high degrees of Leadership, Helping/Friendly, and Understanding behavior, and give high degrees of Student Responsibility and Freedom, pupils have much healthier attitudes towards their category and bask their lessons more than in categories when the other side of instructor behavior is common. Where instructors show high degrees of Strict, Admonishing, Dissatisfied and Uncertain behavior, pupils do non bask their categories as much and develop more negative attitudes towards the topic. Consequently, the usage of the QTI in this survey, showed a strong correlativity between pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior and their attitudes towards the mathematics category. .This survey confirms the importance of interpersonal behavior which shows strong leading, coupled with helpful, friendly and understanding behavior. RECOMMENDATION. It is by and large acceptable that scientific literacy is a high precedence for all, assisting them to be interested in, and besides understand the universe around them, to prosecute in the discourses of and about scientific discipline, to be doubting and inquiring of claims made by others about scientific affairs, to be able to place inquiries and pull grounds based decisions, and to do informed determinations about the environment and their ain wellness and wellbeing. Osborne and Collins ‘ ( 2000 ) averment that a critical constituent of any scientific discipline class is to let geographic expedition of facets of modern-day scienceaˆÂ ¦such an component is indispensable to supplying a linking yarn between school scientific discipline and the â€Å" existent † universe of grownups, induing the topic with a relevancy that no other mechanism can. Whilst students will accept a course of study diet which consists mostly of the standard wisdom of uncontested and pre established cognition, modern-day scientific discipline offers a glance into the universe of here and now, non the universe of past. This is a universe of science-in-the-making, of future possibility and uncertainness where their positions can Get down.Teacher alteration is the footing of educational invention, reform and betterment. The research findings presented in this study emphasize repeatedly that the most of import factor in bettering acquisition is the instructor. Attempts to shut the spread must concentrate on assisting instructors recognize the spread between pupils ‘ existent demands in scientific discipline and what is offered in the existent course of study. Changes to instructors ‘ professional pattern involve important displacements in beliefs and professional Knowledge, and accordingly, take considerable clip, resources and attempt. A teaching manner that emphasizes an inquiry-oriented, student-centred, outcomes-focused attack requires more refined learning accomplishments than those associated with traditional didactic methods. Teachers working entirely in their schoolroom can do little stairss towards alteration. Teachers working jointly can do larger paces. Schools join forcesing make a greater impact still. But choice scientific discipline instruction course of study and professional development resources are really expensive and necessitate the really best expertness to develop. Collaborative ventures that pool the fiscal and human resources from a figure of legal powers have the possible to bring forth the world-class stuffs that are required for a modern-day, relevant and prosecuting scientific discipline instruction for all pupils. Decision The intent of school scientific discipline is to better scientific literacy of pupils. Scientifically literate individuals are interested in developing an apprehension of the universe around them, are doubting and inquiring of claims made by others about scientific affairs, take part in the discourses of and about scientific discipline, place inquiries and pull evidence-based decisions, and do informed determinations about the environment and their ain wellness and wellbeing. Educational legal powers have developed modern and progressive course of study Structure for school scientific discipline but despite this actions, there is a important spread between the † ideal † or intended course of study and the â€Å" existent † or implemented course of study. There is a high incompatibility between schools in the quality of scientific discipline instruction. Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) research indicates that In primary schools, where scientific discipline is taught, † it is by and large student-centred, activity-based and stimulates the wonder of pupils. In the compulsory old ages of secondary schooling, most pupils find scientific discipline unrelated to their involvements or concerns, and in many schools scientific discipline does non develop the acquisition outcomes that contribute to scientific literacy † . The set of carefully expressed recommendations given in their study provides the schemes that can be used in bettering the instruction and acquisition of scientific discipline in schools. This nevertheless enhances the consciousness of all stakeholders of the nature and importance of scientific literacy as the first measure. This is so followed by constructing the expertness of the instruction profession through improved resourcing of initial instructor instruction, motives to intrigue and keep our best immature people in scientific discipline instruction, and provides improved support for come oning professional growing of practising instructors within a construction of professional criterions. Qualified and experient instructors need greater course of study stuffs, comfortss and equipment if they are to set into consequence a quality scientific discipline plan. In the present clip, the quality of scientific discipline instruction and acquisition is restricted by attacks to assessment which are non focused on results that promotes scientific literacy or on the agreement of feedback to instructors and scholars so that learning and larning can be enhanced. A deficiency of national focal point, coaction and pooling of resources across legal powers presently limits the quality of the course of study and professional development resources that are being developed. How to cite Developing a relationship between student and teacher, Essay examples

An introduction to world management science - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the An introduction to world management science. Answer: Introduction: The point of sale system refers to the technology where the consumers carryout the payment regarding the products or services they buy from an organization. It is considered as the collaboration of hardware and software for allowing the vendors for taking transactions and making the everyday business operations easy (Smith 2014). Small and medium organizations are making progress in implementing information system within their environment. The POS system is capable of streamlining business process of SME so they can achieve more than just having flexibility regarding processing daily transaction. The report is consisted of various consequences of implementing POS system in the Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery. The organization is situated in the Colorado. The organization used to have manual processes to manage their business. The report describes advantages and disadvantages of POS system, POS system in gaining competitive advantage, advantage of having centralized database. Advantages and Disadvantages of the New POS System: The biggest advantage of the point of sale system is that business owners of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery are able to monitor the transactions related to sales in real time and this happens in automated way. The system has enable the organization to eliminate the need of manual procedure in the core sales transactions (Rodrguez 2017). Operating and managing the business has become easy for Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery owners can get crucial information by inputting, monitoring and sharing data. Decision making is a significant part of the business that assist in elaborating the business if properly observed and processed. As the point of sale system in Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery stores accurate data, decision making quality automatically gets better. As the current and accurate inventory related data is available to the owners of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery, they need not to make assumptions during placing orders (Nikolova and Inman 2015). Gaining compe titive advantage through having all the required data at hand has been possible. The most harmful drawback of the system that has been observed so far is the connection reliability is low. The software modifications are costly and it is not always possible for the organization. Gaining Competitive Advantage through POS System The biggest competitive advantage of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery is managing inventory in accurate manner. The system has allowed the owners of the organization to handle inventory, flag entities for reorder and evaluating the sales patterns (Lee et al. 2014). The POS system in Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery has been more than a cash register, as it has been processing in the core of sales transactions and allowing the organization to track and share useful data. The accuracy of data is crucial for business to achieve competitive advantage as these data and information is used for decision making process. The decision of taking a new perspective, real costs, offered the opportunity for shifting the production of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery to more profitable state thus making the business more competitive (Miller et al. 2017). The organization was not able to identify and understand this kind of business opportunity prior to development of POS system. Advantage of Centralized Database: The primary advantage of having a centralized database for Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery is having an improved data preservation process. In case any hardware fault occurs, the fault-tolerance setup in the centralized database is able to handle the situation. Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery is processing on numerous business and consumer related data. In such circumstances, having a secured environment for data is crucial (Eskandari et al. 2016). The centralized database is suitable for developing a security policy and infrastructure that can support the data security needs of the chosen business. The policies will be developed in such way that the possibility of damaging the data by a laptop will be minimal. Another good advantage of centralized database that has helped Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery to grow business is cost reduction in overall price of implementation of database (Kuipers et al. 2016). The maintenance cost of the centralized database is always less than maintaining several small databases. Having redundancy and high quality equipment have made the centralized database able to implement a secure and proper database system in the environment of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery system. POS System Facilitate Decision Making: Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nurserys business processes are consist of managing business internal activities, managing customer request, generating reports, managing inventory and many more. The POS system allows the organization to have full access to the business process related data and generate patterns for making the improvements in various parts of the business. The activities is always under control of the business owners (Anderson et al. 2015). Tracking the information in effective manner is not possible. The biggest issue with tracking the data through manual process is error in data accuracy. It has been observed in past that Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nurserys manual processes are tend to be full of errors. The organization was running their business in loss or negligible profit while having manual business processes. The questions can be asked by customers, management, inventory employees and few more personnel of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery. The consumers are tend to have intention of asking questions regarding the status of their delivery or products available (Karpovsky and Galliers 2015). The management can be asking questions related to gaps in the business processes, inventory staff can ask questions about the potential amount of raw materials required to purchase to fulfill customer need for a specific season. The information can be evaluated to identify customer buying patterns, effect of weather on the nursery, inventory assumptions and much more (Bennett 2015). The outcome of the evaluation will allow Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery to have better understanding of business opportunity and constraints. Recommend Telecommunication Options: LAN is the abbreviation of Local Area Network. This can be achieved through wired or wireless network. In case of WAN or wide area network, the coverage area of the network is larger than LAN. The wide area network is the combination of various small network coverage areas connected with each other. MAN or metropolitan refers to a network that is consisted with various network nodes connected with each other (Kokkinos et al. 2016). LAN is the best solution for Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery as this will allow the organization to have it whole network within a secured place from where conducting cybercrime is nearly impossible. The network will be developed using wired and wireless technology both. In case of connecting remote devices like laptop will be connected to Wi-Fi and machines like inventory in/out checking will be connected using RJ-45 cable (Vaquero and Merino 2014). The routers will be connected to each other through mesh topology so that if a router gets damaged then another path can be used for data transfer, results into uninterrupted data flow. Risks That POS System Brings: In terms of security risk, the physical attacks on the system can a harmful situation. Either employees of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery or an intruder can connect to the network using internal devices like authorized laptops to harm the system. The system can be accessed by the wireless network designed for remote devices. The cybercriminals can access to the network of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nurserys system if they are able to crack the password of the network (Edelman, Jaffe and Kominers 2016). They can reconfigure the whole network to damage the business process. The hacker can get into the system and steal the personal information of staff and customers. The same way the hackers can get their hands on the business confidential data like customer buying history, generated patterns, information of various deals and much more. Conclusion: From the above report it can be concluded that the system has been able to resolve the main issues of the business. The effect of the system could be seen right after the implementation of the system. The decision making is a significant process of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nurserys business. The system is a good source of simplifying and increasing the quality of business decision making. The data validation and verification process ensures that only authorized and accurate data is stored into the database. The database is centralized and it allows the system to be secured. Using the LAN will allow the organization to have a secured network. It will be difficult for cybercriminals to hack the system as the whole network will be located into one place. Recommendations: E-Commerce: The organization can develop and integrate an e-commerce website and mobile app within its system. This will allow the organization to attract more customers. The business will be able to expand its business from local area to whole nation. The business will flourish with the new huge customer base. Taking Feedback: The feedback will be taken from end users and customers to identify the areas in which modifications can be done. The feedback will be analyzed and the points directing to a specific modification will be prioritized. Based on the priority, the changes will be done. Having an IT Expert Team: As the organization will not be contracting with any third party organization for their services, the system maintenance will be a hard process. An IT expert team will be able to handle any technical fault within the organization system. Improving Inventory Setup: As the inventory is the core of the business, the organization need to have a proper inventory setup to support business properly. Having barcode reader in the inventory will eliminate the error due to having manual product storage process. References: Anderson, D.R., Sweeney, D.J., Williams, T.A., Camm, J.D. and Cochran, J.J., 2015. An introduction to management science: quantitative approaches to decision making. Cengage learning. Bennett, E.L., 2015. Legal ivory trade in a corrupt world and its impact on African elephant populations. Conservation Biology, 29(1), pp.54-60. Edelman, B., Jaffe, S. and Kominers, S.D., 2016. To groupon or not to groupon: The profitability of deep discounts. Marketing Letters, 27(1), pp.39-53. Eskandari, S., Clark, J. and Hamou-Lhadj, A., 2016, July. Buy Your Coffee with Bitcoin: Real-World Deployment of a Bitcoin Point of Sale Terminal. In Ubiquitous Intelligence Computing, Advanced and Trusted Computing, Scalable Computing and Communications, Cloud and Big Data Computing, Internet of People, and Smart World Congress (UIC/ATC/ScalCom/CBDCom/IoP/SmartWorld), 2016 Intl IEEE Conferences (pp. 382-389). IEEE. Karpovsky, A. and Galliers, R.D., 2015. Aligning in practice: from current cases to a new agenda. Journal of Information Technology, 30(2), pp.136-160. Kokkinos, P., Kalogeras, D., Levin, A. and Varvarigos, E., 2016. Survey: Live migration and disaster recovery over long-distance networks. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 49(2), p.26. Kuipers, M.A., Beard, E., Hitchman, S.C., Brown, J., Stronks, K., Kunst, A.E., McNeill, A. and West, R., 2016. Impact on smoking of England9s 2012 partial tobacco point of sale display ban: a repeated cross-sectional national study. Tobacco control, pp.tobaccocontrol-2015. Lee, J.G., Henriksen, L., Myers, A.E., Dauphinee, A.L. and Ribisl, K.M., 2014. A systematic review of store audit methods for assessing tobacco marketing and products at the point of sale. Tobacco control, 23(2), pp.98-106. Miller, S., Pike, J., Chapman, J., Xie, B., Hilton, B.N., Ames, S.L. and Stacy, A.W., 2017. The Prevalence and Marketing of Electronic Cigarettes in Proximity to At-Risk Youths: An Investigation of Point-of-Sale Practices Near Alternative High Schools. Journal of Child Adolescent Substance Abuse, 26(2), pp.119-124. Nikolova, H.D. and Inman, J.J., 2015. Healthy choice: the effect of simplified point-of-sale nutritional information on consumer food choice behavior. American Marketing Association. Rodrguez, R.J., 2017. Evolution and characterization of point-of-sale RAM scraping malware. Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques, 13(3), pp.179-192. Smith, D.C., 2014. Preventing point-of-sale system intrusions (Doctoral dissertation, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School). Vaquero, L.M. and Rodero-Merino, L., 2014. Finding your way in the fog: Towards a comprehensive definition of fog computing. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 44(5), pp.27-32.

Vacuum Cleaner and James Dyson free essay sample

When you hear the name James Dyson you may recall his famous Dyson cyclonic vacuum that came on the market a few years ago. What do you think his next invention will be? Developing new products and managing them through the first several stages of the product life cycle can be a difficult and risky task. Inventor James Dyson learned how to manage an effective product life cycle through trial and error. His experiences have led him to believe that the time has come for an â€Å"effective and environmentally friendly† hand dryer for private and public restrooms. Though this seems a far cry from vacuums, Dyson’s entrepreneurial skills have helped him to launch his new venture. Dyson’s inventions tend to come from two basic sources. First, his organization looks for solutions to common frustrations of the consuming public. Second, the Dyson group tries to find new uses for technologies or products that the organization already controls. We will write a custom essay sample on Vacuum Cleaner and James Dyson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These two paths have led his organization to increasing success in developing new products and introducing them to the marketplace. How will James Dyson leverage technologies and products following the hand-dryer project? Known for his pursuit and support of cutting-edge technology, Dyson is experimenting with robotics and microchips in order to develop appliances that give humans more free time, away from their daily chores. History shows that his ideas are in-tune with those of the public. Adapted from â€Å"The Vacuum Man Takes On Wet Hands† by Steve Hamm, Business Week, July 2, 2007, pp. 84, 86. Case study developed by Dr. John R. Brooks, Jr. , Houston Baptist University.

3 Changes That Will Take Your Essay From Good To Great

3 Changes That Will Take Your Essay From Good To Great Whether youre sitting down to write a research paper for English class about Buddha or youre hours deep in the writing portion of the ACT, you want to write a great essay. And although different people have different notions about what makes an essay truly great, there are a number of things that educators and writers generally agree upon as gold-quality standards. Here are three of those qualities that can take your essay from basic to fabulous. 1. Language The usage of language in an essay is more than just the actual words you use throughout. Things like sentence structure, stylistic choices, levels of formality, grammar, usage, and mechanics all come into play.    Good Language Good language in an essay is merely adequate. Its basic. Theres nothing inherently wrong  with your language, but theres nothing exceptional about it, either. Good essay language means youre using  some variety in your sentence structures. For instance, you may write a few simple sentences interspersed with some compound sentences. Your level of formality and tone are also appropriate to the essay. Youre not using familiar language and slang, for example, when youre writing a research report in class. Good language in an essay does not disrupt your thesis. Your point gets across and thats all well and fine if youre happy with a good essay. Example:  When Jack walked into his grandmothers kitchen, he spotted the freshly baked cake on the counter. He helped himself to a huge piece. It was chocolate, and the frosting was a delicious vanilla buttercream. He licked his lips and took a gigantic bite.   Great Language Great language is fresh, full of sensory detail when appropriate and propels your essay forward in invigorating ways. Great language uses a variety of sentence structures and even some intentional fragments when appropriate. Your tone isnt merely adequate; it enhances your argument or point. Your language is precise. Its chosen specifically to add nuance or shades of meaning. The sensory details you select pull your readers in, giving them goosebumps, and make them want to keep on reading. Great language makes readers take what youve said very seriously. Example:  Jack stepped over the threshold of his grandmothers kitchen and inhaled. Chocolate cake. His stomach rumbled. He walked to the counter, mouth watering, and took a   rose-pattered china plate from the cabinet and a bread knife from the drawer. The slice he sawed off was enough for three. The first bite of rich vanilla buttercream made his jaw ache. Before he knew it, nothing was left but chocolate crumbs scattered on the plate like confetti.   2. Analysis Teachers are always asking you to dig deep in your essay, but what does that really mean? Depth is the level at which you analyze the topic you are writing about. The deeper you dive into your essay, the more poking and prodding at values, tensions, complexities, and assumptions you will do.   Good Analysis The word analysis in and of itself implies a certain level of depth. A good analysis will use reasoning and examples that are clear and adequately demonstrate the importance of the topic. Support may be relevant, but it may come across as overly general or simplistic. You will have scratched the surface of the topic, but you will not have explored as many of the complexities as you could have.   Lets take, for example, this question: Should cyberbullying be stopped by the government? Example: Cyberbullying needs to be stopped in its tracks by the government because of the harm that it causes to the victim. Teenagers who have been bullied online have had to be treated for depression, have felt compelled to change schools, and some have even committed suicide. A persons life is too important not to intervene.   Great Analysis A great analysis of a topic is a thoughtful critique that demonstrates insight. It critiques assumptions and details complexities not hinted at in just a good analysis. In the example above, the good analysis mentions the harm to a victim of bullying and names three things that could happen to him or her because of it, but doesnt get into other areas that might offer more insight like societal values, governmental control, effects rippling from one generation to the next, for example.   Example:  Although cyberbullying needs to be stopped - the effects are to dire not  to intervene - the government cannot be the entity to regulate speech online. The fiscal and personal costs would be staggering. Not only would citizens be forced to give up their First Amendment rights to free speech, they would have to relinquish their rights to privacy, as well. The government would be everywhere, becoming even more of a big brother than they are right now. Who would pay for such scrutiny? Citizens would pay with their freedom and  their wallets.   3. Organization Organization can quite literally make or break your essay. If a reader doesnt understand how youve gotten from point A to point B because none of your dots seem to connect, then he or she wont be compelled to read any further. And more importantly, he or she will not have listened to what you have had to say. And thats the biggest problem there is.   Good Organization A standard five-paragraph essay structure is what most students use when they write essays. They start with an introductory paragraph ending with a thesis sentence. They move on to body paragraph one with a topic sentence, and then proceed, with a few scattered transitions, to body paragraphs two and three. They round out their essay with a conclusion that neatly restates the thesis and ends with a question or a challenge. Sound about right? If this sounds like every essay youve ever written, then you can be sure youre not alone. Its a perfectly adequate structure for a basic essay.   Example: Introduction with thesis Body paragraph oneSupport oneSupport twoSupport three Body paragraph twoSupport oneSupport twoSupport three Body paragraph threeSupport oneSupport twoSupport threeConclusion with restated thesis Great Organization Great organization tends to move beyond just simple supports and basic transitions. Ideas will progress logically and increase the arguments success. Transitions within and between paragraphs will strengthen the argument and heighten meaning. If you start out organizing your essay strategically, with room for analysis and counterarguments built in, your chances of building a great essay improve by quite a bit. And some students find it easier to get more in depth by writing a four-paragraph essay instead of five. You can engaged more with a particular topic in the body paragraphs if you knock out your weakest argument and focus instead on providing a deeper, more thoughtful analysis with just two.   Example:   Introduction with thesis Body paragraph oneSupport one with detailed analysisSupport two that addresses values, complexities and assumptionsCounterpoint and dismissal of the counterpoint Body paragraph twoSupport one with detailed analysisSupport two that addresses values, complexities and assumptionsCounterpoint and dismissal of the counterpointConclusion with restated thesis and option for better idea Writing Great Essays If your goal is to move forward out of mediocrity, then spend some time learning the basics of great essay writing. After that, pick up your pencil or paper and practice. Nothing will prepare you better for your next essay then writing strategically-organized, well-analyzed, and carefully-worded paragraphs when the pressure  isnt  on. Here are some places to start: Enhanced ACT Writing Essay PromptsOld SAT Essay PromptsPhoto Writing Prompts for Any Age14 Ways to Write Better in High School

Binocular Vision Of Myotragus Balearicus

Binocular Vision Of Myotragus Balearicus Have you ever been to a zoo? If you stroll to the zoo, you will see a lot of animals but, do you observe enough? If you have a closer look, you will notice that different animals have different placement of eyes depending on their eyes’ functions. Mark Changizi (2008) proposed that forward-facing eyes allowed our ancestors to see through the dense leaves and branches in their forest habitat which is related to clutter problems in the visions. The clutter problem is not so beneficial to large-bodied animals in forests but for smaller animals, they will have less clutter because their heads are small enough to see in between branches and leaves. As we all know, terrestrial herbivores are animals that live on land and only eat plants and they have their eyes on both sides of their heads. Most terrestrial herbivores have the monocular vision because they are the prey, which they use their vision as a defense mechanism or to search for food. On the other hand, binocular vision tend belongs to predator as they use their vision to search for their prey because binocular vision has wider area of vision and more sharp. The history of how Myotragus balearicus was found is when Bate went to Majorca to search for dwarf hippopotamesus and elephants but unfortunately she failed in finding them. Instead, she found remains of strange goat with ever growing rodent-like incisors. She named it Myotragus balearicus, literally the mouse goat of the Balearics. Kopper and Waldren (1967) claimed that Myotragus would show clear sign of domestication. Therefore, human and these bovids have been contemporaneous with each other. However, despite their claims, association of human remains and Myotragus at Muleta Cave (about 7230 years ago) and at rock shelter Son Matge cannot be confirmed. After all the analysis, they all come into a conclusion that Myotragus was an animal that frequently sheltered in caves and rock shelters, previously hinted at by Bate (1909), a quite normal behavior for ruminant. On the other hand, the extinction of Myotragus probably was not caused by a climatic change but was due to human colonization of the islands. The human activity may be hunting or human-induced changes to its habitat. The latter cause is suggested by relatively sudden replacement of Buxus balearicus woods by Olea europaea maquis shrubland around the time of the first human arrived at that island. Based on direct dating of the Myotragus bines, its extinction on Majorca and Carebra is estimated 5700 years ago and Minorca 5970 years ago. Despite earlier claims, there is no reliable evidence for the presence of Myotragus in the human layers get Majorca. This indicates by the time of 4000 years ago, the line age had already gone extinct, same goes to Minorca. Carebra was not inhabitant before the Ounic times (23 000 years ago), and therefore not have played any role in Myotragus extinction. Given the lack of evidence for an overlap of coexistence of humans and Myotragus, in combination wit h the restricted mobility and the assumed tameness of the latter, it is possible to think of a very rapid extinction following the arrival of humans, leaving no archaeological record. As for now, scientists are currently researching for why the Myotragus balearicus have binocular vision because their eyes were placed at the front, although goats are generally known belong to the prey group because majority of goats had their eyes at both sides of their head. Thus, this thesis will discuss why terrestrial herbivores have their eyes located on both sides of their head and why Myotragus balearicus did not have them placed in that way.

Protein purification using anion exchange membranes Term Paper

Protein purification using anion exchange membranes - Term Paper Example This change results in the protein being less capable of forming a strong ionic interaction with negatively charged cation exchanger. A similar chain of events occurs with anion exchange media. At a lower pH of the mobile phase the target molecule becomes more protonated and hence positively charged. The result is that the target molecule no longer has the capability to form a strong ionic interaction with the positively charged anion exchanger which causes the molecule to elute from stationary phase. Ion exchange is the most commonly practiced chromatographic method of protein purification due to its ease. This technique exploits the amphoteric character of a protein ( net positive in low pH buffer and negative in a high pH buffer). The technique exploits the fact that the distribution and net charge on the protein’s surface determines the interaction of the protein with the charged groups on the surface of the immobile phase, an anion exchange membrane in this case. The char ges on the protein and the membrane must be opposite for the exchange interaction to occur. The support membrane, which has covalently attached positive functional groups, is referred to as an anion exchanger if mobile negatively charged anions will be the exchanged species. ... In membrane chromatographic processes, the transport of solutes to their binding sites take place predominantly by convection and the pore diffusion is very small comparing with the beads column, thereby the mass transfer resistance is tremendously reduced. Membrane chromatography is a promising process for the isolation, purification, and recovery of proteins, enzymes, and nuclear acids. Comparing with traditional beads column chromatography, membrane chromatography can be faster, easier and cheaper to mass-produce. And also, it is easy to set up and scale up. Most important is saving time in membrane chromatography, this is important because many proteins lose their activities with time. Membranes are also more convenient because they do not require column hardware or packing, they reduce buffer usage and floor space requirements and they generally improve manufacturing flexibility. There are mainly three shapes of membrane available, including flat sheet, hollow fiber and radial f low used for protein purification (2). (From http://www.natrixseparations.com/media/application_note7.pdf) Figure 1 Principles of an anion exchange chromatography: Lowering pH on the protein elution from positively charged anion-exchange membrane. Molecules with higher charge density bind much stronger to the membrane and consequently require greater change in pH to be released from the membrane surface. Theory: Proteins are bound to anion exchange membranes by reversible, electrostatic interactions. A separation is obtained because the diverse array of molecular species have different affinities for the exchanger. The adsorbed proteins are eluted in order of least to most strongly bound molecules,

What is the significance of fire in Faulkner's Barn Burning Essay

What is the significance of fire in Faulkner's Barn Burning - Essay Example sis, and such practice is still in continuance today where individuals and scholars are attempting to analyze a piece of literature to identify different symbols, themes, and moral lessons from it. This paper is attempting a similar attempt of analyzing one of the most popular works of William Faulkner: ‘Barn Burning’ (Faulkner, pp. 1-47), and will endeavor to identify the significance and representation of the ‘fire’ in this tale of acceptance and self-discovery. Brief review of this piece of literature has indicated that Sarty has played the leading role in this story while his father depicts an unconstructive role due to, and in protest of the upper classes of the Civil War. In specific, Abner Snopes is father in this story that cherishes the moment of destruction of others’ barns that he burns to protest against aristocrats (Faulkner, pp. 11-12). In this story, the author has attempted to portray different aspects of the relationship of father and son, as the leading character of the story confronts two sides: his father’s and truth’s. In such theme, the author has played a significant role by using the symbolized notion of ‘fire’ at various places of the story. Although fire is a factual object, however, the notion of fire symbolizes anger of the father, as well as his impudence and effrontery for property, and specifically, barns of other people. In this way, the author has attempted to use the symbol of fire to explain hidden messages in the story, as the approach is clear from the very start of the story that begins with fire of a barn and ends with the same. In personal opinion, brief review of the story indicated that leading character’s obsessive affection to his family (Millgate, pp. 271), especially to his father is also related to the notion of ‘fire’, as story shows that Sarty trusted his father in the beginning and continued to think that fires will end soon; however, the story ended with another fire from his father. In

Show an understanding Essay Example for Free

Show an understanding Essay I could almost imagine Ophelia as a lump of clay, but its not Shakespeare that models her, he gives us a simple character at the beginning symbolized by few words. She is then molded in our minds by the other characters. The same can be said about the way she is brought up, she has no apparent mother figure. Gertrude is the closest she gets, but is an incestuous women who may or may not have had knowledge of or taken some part in the regicide. Is she a good example of a mother? I think not! Yet she is brought up in part by Gertrude and also by a father who is no saint himself. In the Kenneth Brannah film interpretation he is seen during the scene with Reynaldo to be with prostitutes, while telling his companion to spy on his son whom he suspects of doing something similar. If her father were her role model I think it is not hard to see why Ophelia is not the complete women we would expect her to be. It was Sigmund Freud that said that we learn certain social, life and relationship skills from our parents especially the parent of apposing sex to the child therefore Ophelia will have become more like her father naturally. Although there is no evidence in the text to support this, it is what you would expect to happen in this relationship. In contrast to this Hamlet seems to be the only man in the play she can truly look up to or admire. He is charming and kind, writes her beautiful poetry makes her feel like a woman in many ways. So can we blame her for falling in love with him? As she knows no better, could we blame her for sleeping with Hamlet before marriage? The answer for both may be found in the text, the signals for both are clear in Act4 Scene5. She sings Quoth she, before u tumbled me, You promised me to wed. He answers- So I would I ha done, by yonder sun, ` And thou hadst not come to my bed. The words tumbled me means basically had sex with me, so we can clearly see that there relationship was sexual, if she is referring to their relationship. If she is speaking the truth but did she make love to him with no feeling just because she could, or, because she was in love with a chance to wed the man she wanted? I strongly believe the later to be true, I dont believe she would commit to having sex with Hamlet without love. Therefore I believe she asked for, or, was offered marriage. This is similar to what happens to Romeo and Juliet, but, unlike Juliet, Ophelia has sex on the belief she is to be married, whereas Juliet waits till she is married. Her innocence is shown in agreeing to this with out realizing first that Hamlet might just be after sex. Did they have sex before old Hamlets death or after? The answer to this question will greatly affect the above point. I think Hamlet told Ophelia he would wed her honestly but this was before his own father died changing him. (How much did the death of Old Hamlet affect Hamlets love for Ophelia? ) But from Ophelias point of view the man she loves goes mad and rejects her saying I never loved you her father dies and her brother is away in France. She has now no restraints, it almost as if her family and Hamlet were her anchor holding her to the ground, now that the rope as been cut she is drifting of up into a state madness until she reaches heaven. So therefore part of the madness is simple honesty mixed with the tragedies that have been placed before her. Her death is also interesting; Gertrude is the one who retells Ophelias story. To me, it seems her death was not suicide, but the act of a mad women not knowing what she was doing. Gertrudes description appears almost romantic and mysterious, hence inspiring Millais to paint her floating peacefully in the river. Gertrudes explanation of events is very much similar, a peaceful almost poetic end. She could be lying covering up the truth putting a gloss on it for Leartes to hear, I think it is the truth but it wasnt as simple and elegant as she makes it out to be. There on the pendant boughs her cronet weeds Clambring to hang, an envious silver broke, When down her weedy trophies and herself Fell in the weeping Broke.. Till that her garments, heavy with their drink, Pulled the poor wretch from her melodious lay To muddy death. It was an accident her falling in, but she was mad, and too unaware of her situation to save her self. Shes not a madwomen who commits suicide but a women driven to madness ending in death. Her madness serves a purpose as well; we can use the different ways Shakespeare shows madness by comparing hers with Hamlets. When Hamlet is mad, or is faking madness, he is a comic character making sarcastic jokes using his intelligence and wit. Many critics have also defined hamlets behavior as melancholia. But Ophelia is truly mad singing and acting insanely. Shakespeare presents her in this way so that we can see the true Hamlet we can see he is sane and is playing everyone for a fool. Hamlets antic disposition affects Ophelia greatly, whether he does it to protect her, or because he is simply cruel he pushes Ophelia away. Hamlets plan is to act mad to hide his knowledge of the regicide, using it as a cover. In doing so, he is partly responsible for Ophelias madness, killing Polonius, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. If is behavior hadnt been seen as mad R and G would not have been called for, Polonius would not have been hiding where he was and he would not have treated Ophelia in the same cruel way. However more significantly people think less of him and use it against him. A good example of this is when Claudius sends him to England to be executed as a murderous madman. During his madness he has a very revealing scene (Act 3 Scene 2) with Ophelia where he brings out their secret relationship. He makes very rude jokes, which would only be funny and recognizable to an Elizabethan audience. Only on studying the text closer would a modern audience find the jokes humorous, and even then the most liberal society would still be shocked at what Shakespeare was suggesting. Imagine being in the Elizabethan period watching Hamlet and two of the lead characters flirting and using obscene jokes. They would find it initially funny in a vulgar sort of way. However their opinion of Ophelia, the daughter of a Lord, would be somewhat less than it should for apparently being able to understand such vulgarity. For them they would respond completely differently to a modern viewer, she would be instantly seen as a wanton whore as some critics such as Jeremy Collier suggests. But if we look at the scene does Ophelia understand Hamlet and play along or does she have her words twisted by a perverted young madman. Hamlet Lady, shall I lie in your lap? Ophelia No my lord. Hamlet I mean, my head upon your lap? Ophelia Ay my lord. Hamlet Did you think I meant count matters? Ophelia I think nothing my lord. Hamlet Thats a fair thought to lie between maids legs. Ophelia What is, my lord? Hamlet Nothing. Ophelia You are merry my lord. It is important to note that in the Elizabethan era the word nothing meant female genitalia, now is Hamlet meaning nothing simply as meaning nothing or is he referring to something much ruder. Does Ophelia understand him? Does she lead him on in this scene and flirt back? I would have to answer no to both questions. However in discussion with fellow students we have seen both sides. It is in some ways possible to see that they are openly flirting with each other, which would make you respond differently to Ophelia. I think what is most likely to be true is that she understands Hamlet, but she is too much of a lady to respond in the same way. What has become transparently clear from what has been written about Hamlet is that life in Elsinore castle is, to say the very least, strange or rotten. Ophelia has grown up with less than perfect role models and is in a very poor situation. The politics, which hold her in the castle, are intense. Enemies on all sides surround the country of Denmark. As a result both she and the rest of the residents are effectively, appear to be trapped or held within Elsinore. It comes across as being extremely claustrophobic; everyone knows each other private lives it appears. The only person that seems to get any space for himself is Hamlet. He has long soliloquies; these become more numerous as he fakes his madness. The point I am coming to is that Ophelia is set free when she dies, she escapes the repression and claustrophobia of Elsinore. Is Shakespeare making a comment about society? This is echoed in the history of Britain, at the end of Queen Elizabeths reign, she was set free and a new King came from the north to take the throne and set England on a whole new course. In conclusion Ophelia is a very simple character made complicated by others. She was an innocent young woman, to be eventually dragged up into women hood, to be used and eventually to death. This is a result of her environment-no mothers influence throughout, except for Gertrudes poor attempt, a father who is indifferent about his childrens welfare and a brother away. She falls in love with the crown prince of Denmark; he to loves her More than a hundred brothers. The madness within the castle reduces her to the same state and like Denmark itself dies. A case of innocence robbed? No a case of innocence mislead, but with out this innocence does she become a wanton whore? Im not sure what to think Im left wondering what Shakespeare intended. This Shakespeare play presents more questions than it answers and with out the answer I am still unsure on Ophelias intended character.

Examine Miller’s presentation of John Proctor :: English Literature

Examine Miller’s presentation of John Proctor and the Circumstances which lead to his choosing to be executed. Although the events of the play are based on events that took place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692, Miller was liberal in his fictionalisation. For example, the affair between farmer, husband, and father John Proctor, and the Minister’s teenage niece, Abigail Williams, drive many of the accusations of witchcraft in the play – in fact at the time of the Witch Trials, Williams would only have been around eleven and Proctor would have been in his sixties. The play, written in 1953, was in response to Senator McCarthy and the ‘House Un-American Activities Committee's’ crusade against supposed communist sympathisers, in which Miller became embroiled. When he testified in front of a congressional committee in 1956 he refused to reveal any names and so was held in contempt. The decision was overturned two years later. One of Miller's most powerful devices in the play is his use of irony: dramatic, verbal, and situational irony. Verbal irony is a figure of speech in which the speaker intends to be understood as meaning something that contrasts with the literal or usual meaning of what he says. One example of this is when John Proctor says ‘Good. Then her saintliness is done with’, mentioning Abigail. However, Proctor does not actually believe that Abigail is a saint. The affair makes her a sinner, because he is married to Elizabeth. However, he says this line because the rest of the town, and most importantly, the courts believe that she is believable and truthful. In effect, he tries to convince the court and the people of her â€Å"unsaintliness†, by bringing to their attention her sins, but to no avail; this is one of the most important circumstances which lead to his choosing to be executed. Another example has Proctor telling his wife ‘It’s winter in here yet.’ However, it is actually spring, as in the same dialogue he asks her to go walking in the field with him so that they may pick flowers and bring them into their home. Proctor really means to tell his wife that their home is cold, that there is no sign of love. He believes that when his wife fills the home with warmth and love, he is forgiven for his sin of lechery, and only then can he continue normally with his life. By using this type of irony, Miller’s characters indirectly bring something to our attention, which could not otherwise be done. Situational irony is a discrepancy between what we expect and what occurs. This is the second type of irony used in the play.

International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management Essay

Introduction Sales promotion is the offer of an incentive to induce a desired sales result (Gilbert, 1999). For our purposes promotional techniques, within UK supermarkets, have been taken to be â€Å"value increasing† promotions (i. e. coupons and price deals) and â€Å"value adding† (i. e. premiums, prizes/contests/sweepstakes, samples, point of purchase display, demonstration and loyalty cards). Sales promotion consists of a wide variety of short-term tactical promotional tools aimed at generating a desired response from customers. Although there is a shift in marketing communications, away from advertising towards sales promotions, there is no consensus among researchers that sales promotions lead to repeat purchase. It is agreed, however, that price promotions can result in a short-term increase in sales (Smith and Sinha, 2000; Banks and Moorthy, 1999; Kopalle and Mela, 1999; Diamond, 1992; Gupta and Cooper, 1992; Bawa and Shoemaker, 1987). It is also important to note that studies of price promotions also show that customers who take advantage of a price promotion often return to their favourite brands (Ehrenberg et al. 1994; Brandweek, 1994). There is a large body of literature, which has examined consumer response to sales promotions, especially coupons (Krishna and Zhang, 1999; Huff and Alden, 1998; Leone and Srinivasan, 1996; Bawa and Shoemaker, 1987, 1989; Gupta, 1988, 1993; Blattberg and Neslin, 1990). Coupons and discounts are the most widely used promotional tools. However, relatively little research has focussed on value adding promotions. In coupon promotions retailers maintain the original price of the product and it is only coupon holders who are entitled to a discount. As buyers are not subject to a reduction in sales price there is no need for them to adjust their internal reference prices downwards, as is the case with discount promotions. Therefore, coupon promotions should be more attractive than discount promotions in improving the transaction value of the product. However, consumers must keep track of the coupons and produce them at the place of purchase. If consumers are used to utilising coupons then they are likely to have a more positive attitude towards them (Huff and Alden, 1998). Also, if a The authors D. C. Gilbert is Professor of Marketing and N. Jackaria is a Researcher, both at Surrey European Management School, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. Keywords Sales promotion, Retail trade, Food industry, Marketing Abstract UK supermarkets need to be able to assess the current efficacy of the budget they allocate to promotional activities aimed at boosting sales. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to investigate consumer response to the four different promotional deals most commonly used in UK supermarkets: coupons, price discounts, samples and â€Å"buy-one-get-one-free†. Multi discriminant analysis was used on a study of 160 respondents to analyse whether there was an association between the four consumer promotional approaches and respondents’ reported buying behaviour. The findings indicate that only price discount promotions proved to be statistically significant on consumer’s reported buying behaviour. Purchase acceleration and product trial are found to be the two most influential variables related to a discount. For â€Å"buy-one-get-one-free†, while the result is not significant, the two variables, brand switching and purchase acceleration are statistically significant.

Romeo and Juliet v. West Side Story

When Pyramus and Thisbe first went on their rendezvous in the woods, they never would have imagined that they would be the template on which many romantic stories are built. The story of the ill-fated lovers, as told in the Metamorphosis by Ovid, is one that has stood the test of time and became the story authors like William Shakespeare, song writers like Bethany Cosentino and directors like Jerome Robbins have used to express forbidden love, misunderstanding and loss. These elements of story have resonated over the ages with audiences due to our desire to love and be oved so much that we would do the most extreme things.Teenagers, especially, latch on to these story elements due to the inclusion of authority fgures who misunderstand their ability to have true, grown-up feelings (Flanagan). The story of Pyramus and Thisbe begins with two families sharing a wall in a duplex. One family has a daughter and one a son. Both are forbidden to see each other, but as most teen-agers do, they find a way around their parents. Through a crack in the wall too small to even fit their lips, the two best looking people in all of Babylon confess their love.Unable to wait for their parents to give consent, the two decide on a time and place to meet, in the woods, near the mulberry bush with white flowers. Thisbe arrived before Pyramus and while waiting spotted a lioness fresh from the hunt with blood dripping from her teeth and gums. Frightened, she ran away to the nearest cave and in the process, lost her shawl where the lioness tore it to shreds. When Thisbe arrived seeing what seemed to be a horrible scene of his true love's viscous demise, he is overcome with guilt. If only he had arrived sooner.If only he had been there to protect his Thisbe. To punish himself, Pyramus thrusts his dagger into his gut and bleeds to death. Thisbe, feeling brave, came out of the cave to find her lover. In seeking him she finds him dead by his own hand. Thisbe is distraught at a life lived wit hout him and plunges the knife into her heart and dies by his side. Both of their thick, red blood poured onto the roots of the mulberry bush, turning the flowers from white to red, which is how they are still today. The last line of the poem states that â€Å"The gods and parents heard her prayer, and they were stirred. Ovid)† suggesting that both parents were made aware of the death of their hildren and are stirred in their hearts. If only they had allowed the ill-fated loves to be together, they would still be alive. William Shakespeare took the poem of Pyramus and Thisbe and built on it to create Romeo and Juliet, the quintessential love story upon which so many others are copied. Romeo and Juliet come from warring families, the Capulets and Montegues. For years these families have fought and brought discord to the sweet town of Verona. Just as Pyramus and Thisbe, the children of these feuding families would not be allowed to be together.They meet by chance at a masquerad e ball hosted by the arents of Juliet, the Capulets. Romeo and his friends were looking to crash the party and shake up the evening a bit. Romeo is out of sorts because he has had a dream where something goes very wrong and he cannot figure out what it is. When Romeo instantly in love. There is a bit of concern when they first discover the true identity of the other, but a whispering on a balcony dulls that concern and they only want to be together, no matter what. Romeo and Juliet are married in secret, figuring that in time their parents will be fine with it. That does not turn out to be the case.Romeo is anished and Juliet is set to marry another. With a little help from the conniving priest, Juliet sends Romeo a letter explaining that she is going to take a poison that makes it look like she is dead when she is really only sleeping. As it always is with ill- fated lovers, Romeo never gets the message. He is told that Juliet is dead and not knowing any better, he goes to her tomb to see for himself. There he kills himself so that he can be with his love for the eternities. When Juliet wakes from her death-like sleep and discovers Romeo dead by his own hand, she takes his dagger and kills herself as well.When both sets of parents learn the truth of their love and marriage and now their deaths, they are distraught. In similitude of the families of Pyramus and Thisbe, they are then condemned to live their lives with the knowledge that had they been more open-minded, their children would be alive and well. Like Romeo and Juliet, West Side Story is story about ill-fated lovers, misunderstanding and loss. West Side Story was a highly acclaimed musical that showed on Broadway in 1957 and was made into an award winning movie musical in 1961. The similarities between the play of Romeo and Juliet and the musical of WestSide Story are striking, but so are the differences. West Side Story is about two gangs in the streets of New York in the 1950's: the Jets and the Sha rks. The Sharks are Puerto Ricans, new to America and looking to make a home for themselves. The Jets are looking to keep their streets white and get the Sharks to leave. In the middle of these two warring factions are Maria, sister to Bernarndo, the head of the Sharks and Tony, best friend to Riff, the head of the Jets. Just like Romeo, Tony has a dream; however, Tony's dream is full of inspiration as e feels that the dream is telling him that something wonderful is on the horizon.Riff tries to get Tony to tell more about the dream, but Tony can only remember that he feels like something big is about to happen to him. On that note, Riff convinces Tony to go to a dance and maybe meet the girl of his dreams. Maria and Tony meet at that dance, Just like Romeo and Juliet. When they see each other, all the contention around them fades as they fall in love with each other at first sight. Instead of a balcony scene, the whisperings of love and future happiness happen on a New York City fi re escape.Maria and Tony keep their secret love to themselves until they can find the perfect time to tell their friends and family that they want to be together. Unfortunately, their hands are forced when a rumble between the Sharks and Jets gets out of hand. Tony promises Maria that he will go and stop the fighting, but when Riff is stabbed by Bernardo, Tony stabs Bernardo in a fit of rage killing the brother of his love. At first Maria is angry and does not understand the event, but eventually she tells Tony to not turn himself in and they will run away together.Tony goes to the soda shop to ide from the Sharks and to wait for Maria to meet him at the bus stop. Maria is detained from leaving for the bus stop by one of the local beat cops. She asks her friend, Bernardo's girlfriend, to get a message to Tony. Anita does not want shop. The Jets are at the soda shop getting ready for more fghting with the Sharks when Anita shows up. She tries to get to see Tony, but the Jets won't le t her through. They treat her very badly and out of frustration she tells them to tell Tony that Maria is dead, killed by one of the Sharks in retaliation for her involvement with Tony.When Tony hears that Maria is dead, he is so distraught he goes looking for a fight hoping that one of the Sharks will kill him. He finds Geno, the boy that was arranged to marry Maria by her brother, and taunt him until he finally shoots Tony. Just as Tony grabs for his abdomen, he sees Maria and knows that she is alive. He is relieved to know that she is alive and dies in her arms. Maria, blames the death of her true love on the hatred of the two gangs, Just as parents of Romeo and Juliet and Pyramus and Thisbe are to blame for the deaths of their children, due to their hatred and closed-mindedness.These stories set the stage for so many more. Stories where the audience hopes that the others will realize the truth before it is too late. One such story is the move, â€Å"An Affair to Remember† directed by Leo McCarey and starring Cary Grant as Nickie Ferrante and Deborah Kerr as Terry McKay. This story has these two individuals meeting on a boat trip from Europe to New York in a time when that is how people traveled. They meet up several times on the ship and decide to disembark in Villefranche-sur-Mer to visit Nickle's grandmother. On this trip, Nickie realizes that he has very strong feelings for Terry.Unfortunately, both are already involved with other people. They decide that in 6 months they will meet at the top of the Empire State Building if they are each free of the current entanglements. Nickie waits for hours on the Empire State Building but Terry does not show. Disappointed and rejected, he leaves to continue his life without the woman he truly loves. Little does Nickie know, Terry, on her way to the meeting place, is hit by a car and badly injured. She is confined to a wheelchair. Not wanting anyone's pity, she does not contact Nickie to explain what happened .After some time both characters et back together with their ex's. At a chance meeting at the ballet, Nickie and Terry see each other, but he does not notice that she is unable to walk as she is seated in her seat. Sometime later, Nickie tracks down Terry and goes to visit her. She remains on the couch with her legs under a blanket. Nickie has no idea of what has happened to her. The audience is left wishing she would Just move the blanket and tell the truth so they can confess their love to each other. Luckily, Nickie notices a wheelchair in the bedroom along with a painting of his of the place where they met.He moves the blanket and realizes what has happened and they embrace, with Terry stating, â€Å"If you can paint, I can walk; anything can happen, don't you think (An Affair to remember)? † This story leaves the audience satisfied and happy. The song â€Å"Our Deal† by Best Coast also has the Romeo and Juliet theme of star- crossed lovers bent on destruction. The video, directed by Drew Barrymore, has warring gangs, the Day Trotter and the Night Creepers tagging up the streets of Los Angeles. A girl from the Night Creepers, Veronica, meets and falls in love with a boy from the Day Trotters, Lucky.They secretly steal away time to be together and confess their love. A gang fght leaves the Night Creepers beat up and a rumble to retaliate is away with her. In response, he spray paints on a wall, â€Å"l Can't†¦ (Best Coast – Our Deal video)† Lucky goes behind the corner of the wall and Veronica runs away. When they meet again it is at the rumble. Angry and hurt, Veronica punches Lucky in the face causing him to lose his balance and fall off the roof of a building down do his certain death. Upon seeing what she has done, Veronica runs down to him. She looks up and see the rest of the message tagged on the wall, â€Å"†¦ it to spend the rest of my life with you (Our Deal)† Veronica, crying looks down at Lucky only t o see him die in her arms. We can see how these stories connect through the commonality of love, loss and misunderstanding. Pyramus misunderstands the bloody shawl and assumes his love is dead and so kills himself. Romeo, having not received Juliet's message, misunderstands the death-like sleep of his true love and kills himself, which in turn, causes Juliet to kill herself. Tony, after receiving the wrong message about Maria, goes out looking for someone to kill him to relieve him of the pain of losing his lover.Likewise, Veronica accidentally kills her love, Lucky, after misunderstanding his message. The only difference in the stories presented here is the one of Nickie and Terry, where misunderstanding and lack of information causes Nickie to come to the wrong conclusion about Terrys absence on the Empire State Building, but in the end of the film, they resolve the issue and assume a happy ending. One would argue that these elements of love, loss and misunderstanding resonate ove r the years with audiences because we can all relate to these feelings.Teenagers, specially, can relate to a love that seems so overwhelming because it is the focus of much of adolescent life (Appleton). The inclusion of forces like parents or friends preventing that love is also one that teenagers can relate with. Many teenagers feel that the only purpose of an adult or authority fgure is to thwart their happiness. This component makes it easy to blame the parents in both Pyramus and Thisbe and Romeo and Juliet. When we do not receive a happy ending, we want to place that blame on someone and who better to place that on than the friends and family who prevented the love from flourishing?

Aeneid Analysis essays

Aeneid Analysis essays The definition of an epic hero is : a figure of imposing stature, of national or international importance, and of great historical orlegendary significance. Aeneas fits this definition perfectly. Aeneas fits this definition perfectly. Aeneas' character is one of great importance. Known far and wide for his many achievements and adventures, Aeneas receives, appropriately, an incredible amount of respect and admiration from many significant characters throughout this book. As far as history and legend goes, Aeneas plays a huge role in both of these. Aeneas influences history through his adventures which are eventually excepted as Rome's national epic, teaching generations to come. Also, Aeneas holds an enormous stake in legends. As a part of legendary literature, Aeneas' adventures come to life, contributing greatly to the legends of today. Aeneas' life is strongly influenced by the many, and often opposing, gods. Throughout his journeys, Aeneas is affected, both positively an d negatively, by the gods. Venus, the goddess of love and mother of Aeneas and Cupid, is one of these influences. As a concerned mother, Venus desperately longs for her son's safety and goes to extreme lengths to aid him and keep him unharmed. One major action she takes that dramatically impacts Aeneas is to conspire her other son, Cupid, to create a love between Aeneas and Queen Dido of Carthage. Wishing to keep Aeneas from harm along his fated journeys, she used Dido as a distraction to keep Aeneas in Carthage. Aeneas' sudden love for Dido does keep him in Carthage for some time and takes his thoughts away from his fate and upon his new love. Aeneas' unnatural love is also encouraged by Juno, the wife of Jupiter (King of the gods) and queen of the gods. Juno does not wish Aeneas to fulfill his destiny. Juno's favorite city is Carthage and Juno knows Rome's fate is to destroy Carthage someday. If Aeneas fulfills his destiny, Rome will become po...

RCWW Response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

RCWW Response - Assignment Example Additionally, some students do not know how to make conversations because they are used to texting on their phones and when asked about it they state that they will learn how to do it eventually. It is true that people who chat online think that those conversations are actual while in the real sense people need to have face to face conversations to connect and strengthen their relationships. Conversation is vital in people’s lives because through conversations new relationships are created. It is believed that through conversation people learn how to relate with others because they understand their likes and dislikes. For that reason, conversing with people becomes imperative at all times. However, today when a person is not in a position to text or post something online they feel anxious or lonely, as they do not have anyone to make a conversation with on the digital gadgets. The assumption about technology being a way of keeping away from other people is not true because today the only time people can find to talk to their friends is through making conversations with their friends digitally. Therefore, if people wanted to keep themselves separate they would not text or email their

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Management Accounting - Essay Example When budgets are imposed, department managers feel they do not have full control in their departments, which results in low morale and job dissatisfaction. This is the cause of the high turnover among his employees. Participative budgeting encourage a bottom-down approach to budgeting, involving the lower-level managers in the process of planning. This bottom-down approach requires each department manager to submit their proposed budgets for their departments; and with the assessment of the top-level managers will be subject to either approval or revisions. This gives the department managers authority over their finances, without the feeling of being imposed by the top-level management, thus motivating the manager to stay within budgets’ and at the same time top-level management does not give up control over these departments so as not to let the costs balloon. I would recommend participative budgeting for Mr. Sparkes to encourage support from department managers. As previously noted, participative budgeting encourage a bottom-down approach to budgeting, involving the lower-level managers in the process of planning. This bottom-down approach requires each department manager to submit their proposed budgets for their departments; and with the assessment of the top-level managers will be subject to either approval or revisions. This gives the department managers authority over their finances, without the feeling of being imposed by the top-level management, thus motivating the manager to stay within budgets’ and at the same time top-level management does not give up control over these departments so as not to let the costs balloon. Participative budgeting gives department managers the authority they need to feel motivated in doing their jobs, without the top-level management giving up control. By involving the department managers, they will be more motivated to stay within their budgets, thus keeping their morale up and lowering the employee turnover