Nietzsche s Critique Of Nicomachean Ethics By Using On...

Friedrich Nietzsche and Aristotle were great philosophers of their respective times, but their ideas and beliefs were completely different from each other. The focus of this paper will be on Nietzsche’s critique of Nicomachean Ethics by using On the Genealogy of Morals. Nietzsche had a different outlook on philosophy, especially in historical and goal oriented terms. According to Nietzsche, everything, including virtues, needed to be understood through change and historical development. Aristotle believed that human nature was static while Nietzsche believed that human nature changed over time. Another difference between the philosophers was Aristotle’s teleological understanding of the world. Aristotle was under the impression that a goal-oriented description was needed to understand the world. Nietzsche believed that humanity’s will was always in a state of willing but not towards any specific goal. Aristotle believed that humanity was always trying to achieve happiness. Nietzsche, on the other hand, believed that the human will was never directed towards one universal goal, like happiness, because goals of any kind ignore evolutionary fact and the possibility of change. First off, what would Nietzsche say about Nicomachean Ethics? Nietzsche was under the impression that new historical developments were happening in the world but they did not occur all the time. However, these historical changes helped explain why human nature changed as well. This notion completely

Developing a relationship between student and teacher Free Essays

string(326) " instruction systems is invariably altering in response to the alteration in society demands, â€Å" many of the instructors lack resources and professional development support needed for this clip of alteration to be a period of personal growing, instead it becomes a clip of emphasis and feeling of insufficiency † \." In recent clip, there is more to learning than merely presenting course of study ; therefore Teachers are more concerned about how to develop a good acquisition environment. Teaching procedure is now focused on how to undertake issues such as the type of inquiries to be asked, who should reply them in Class, approximately when to acquire involved in treatments, when and how to promote and censure pupils and besides when to stir or decelerate down. These inquiries are assorted and the list could travel on and on. We will write a custom essay sample on Developing a relationship between student and teacher or any similar topic only for you Order Now Teachers are besides cognizant of the differences in categories with each category developing its ain alone larning environment. Therefore when instructors teach two categories in the same twelvemonth degree with the same class, the category needs varies as a consequence of their differences A relationship exists between Students and Teacher as a consequence of the Learning environment. In given clip norms of behavior are established, both on the portion of the instructor every bit good as by the pupils, as values and outlooks on both sides become clear. A behavioral form consequences from this based on the cognition that pupils have of their instructor and frailty versa. Therefore ensuing in a acquisition environment which may either be a really encouraging one where pupils enjoy their work and experience respected or be detering if the work ethos and satisfactory relationships are absent. Harmonizing to a Research into schoolroom larning environments by Fraser1994, and Wubbels A ; Levy, 1993 which is based upon pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their acquisition environment it is established that pupils ‘ larning behaviors in category will be mostly determined by the manner in which they perceive their acquisition environment. This can be farther substantiated, by another survey carried out by Brekelmans, Wubbels A ; Creton, 1990 which besides indicate that pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior accounted for more discrepancy in pupil results than did the debut of a new natural philosophies course of study. Besides, Brekelmans, Wubbels A ; Levy, 1993 besides illustrated that pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior accounted for discrepancy of a full appraisal class. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) structured the research towards specifying the â€Å" ideal † image of quality in scientific discipline instruction and acquisition, to happen out the â€Å" existent † pattern of what is go oning in schools, and in conclusion, to develop effectual recommendations to travel towards shuting the spread between the existent and ideal. This was achieved through a assorted method of informations aggregation which includes systematic reappraisal of educational research, scientific discipline course of study and studies ; group meetings of scientific discipline instructors ; random telephone study of instructors ; pupil ‘s studies and aggregation of informations from stakeholders. . IDEAL PICTURE The ideal image cardinal footing is that scientific literacy is a high precedence for all human therefore enabling them to develop involvement and understanding the universe around them, besides leting them to prosecute in discourses of scientific discipline, to be doubting and inquiring of claims of others on scientific related affairs in order to be able to place inquiries and give decisions based on grounds, and besides to transport out determinations about the environment and their ain good being and wellness. The ideal and existent image is therefore described by Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) in the undermentioned subjects: â€Å" ( 1 ) The scientific discipline course of study is relevant to the demands, concerns and personal experiences of pupils. ( 2 ) Teaching and acquisition of scientific discipline is centred on enquiry. Students investigate, concept and trial thoughts and accounts about the natural universe. ( 3 Assessment serves the intent of acquisition and is consistent with and complementary to good instruction. ( 4 ) The teaching-learning environment is characterized by enjoyment, fulfillment, ownership of and battle in acquisition, and common regard between the instructor and pupils. ( 5 ) Teachers are life-long scholars who are supported, nurtured and resourced to Construct the apprehensions and competences required of modern-day best Practice. ( 6 ) Teachers of scientific discipline have a recognized calling way based on sound professional criterions endorsed by the profession. ( 7 ) Excellent installations, equipment and resources support instruction and acquisition. ( 8 ) Class sizes make it possible to use a scope of learning schemes and supply Opportunities for the instructor to acquire to cognize each kid as a scholar and give Feedback to persons. ( 9 ) Science and scientific discipline instruction are valued by the community, have high precedence the school course of study, and scientific discipline instruction is perceived as exciting and valuable, Lending significantly to the development of individuals and to the economic and societal wellbeing of the state † . Actual Picture The existent image of scientific discipline instruction and larning seem to be a really dissatisfactory one and besides of great variableness. Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) , explained that course of study statements by and large â€Å" supply a model for a scientific discipline course of study focused on developing scientific literacy and assisting pupils progress toward accomplishing the stated results, the existent course of study implemented in most schools is different from the intended course of study † . In their research it is observed that in some instances some primary schools do non learn scientific discipline at all hence, pupils lack the scientific background and where taught on a regular footing, all activities are centred towards the pupil, resulting a high degree of pupil satisfaction hence making a room to encompass scientific discipline. Many of the pupils on acquiring to the high school feel greatly defeated, because the scientific discipline they were taught is neither important nor appealing and does non look relevant with their involvements and experiences. The new acquisition environment characterized with the Traditional chalk-and-talk Teaching procedure, note copying and practical lessons which the pupils are now sing gives small challenge and no room for exhilaration. A high figure of scientific discipline instructors feel undervalued, with no equal resource and overloaded with non learning responsibilities. As the instruction systems is invariably altering in response to the alteration in society demands, â€Å" many of the instructors lack resources and professional development support needed for this clip of alteration to be a period of personal growing, instead it becomes a clip of emphasis and feeling of insufficiency † . You read "Developing a relationship between student and teacher" in category "Essay examples" It is hence as a consequence of this that up to half of instructors of scientific discipline degree Celsius ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aare.edu.au/98pap/fis98269.htmonsider alteration in calling. LITERATURE REVIEW. Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) carried out a research literature on course of study paperss and studies refering scientific discipline instruction in schools followed by synthesis of research about the instruction and acquisition of scientific discipline. Foregrounding the importance of scientific literacy as a general intent for scientific instruction for all pupils and besides taking a place that good instruction provides the experiences and supportive environment that encourages scientific discipline acquisition. Meaning AND IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY. Science is an component of the human hunt for understanding and wisdom, therefore reflecting human wonder about the universe. Obtaining an penetration to what scientific literacy is, will guarantee that we acknowledge its importance as it is cardinal to quality instruction and acquisition in scientific discipline. Scientific literacy is defined clearly in the National Science Education Standards ( NSES ) [ NRC, 1996 ] . Briefly, it is â€Å" the cognition and apprehension of scientific constructs and procedures required for personal determination devising, engagement in civic and cultural personal businesss, and economic productiveness † ( p.22 ) . . Scientific literacy has many aspects, from leting a individual to inquire, happen, or determine replies to inquiries derived from wonder about mundane experiences.- the ability of a individual to depict, explicate, and predict natural phenomenon.Therefore leting Persons to expose their scientific literacy in different ways, such as utilizing proficient footings in the appropriate ways, or in scientific constructs applications and procedures. Besides making the avenue for persons to frequently hold differences in literacy in different spheres, such as more understanding of life-science constructs and words, and less understanding of physical-science constructs and words. Scientific literacy has diverse signifiers and grades which lasts over a life-time, it widens and deepens, and non limited to old ages in school. But It hence follow on the attitudes and values that has been established toward scientific discipline during the early old ages and so determine a individual ‘s growing of scientific literacy as an grownup. Layton et Al. ( 1994 ) grouped scientific discipline and engineering together, uncovering the manner that the two are normally spoken or written about in analysis of scientific literacy. The nexus between scientific discipline and engineering is debatable, this explains the ground they are separated in some school course of study or placed together at different instruction degree in the National Curriculum. While some facets of engineering, and its definition when perceived in footings of doing or planing, might be distinguished from scientific discipline, there lies the fact that scientific discipline can non be split up from engineering and up to this clip will stay important to the universe of pupils and the wider human race. Jenkins ( 1992 ) makes a instance that scientific discipline has changed in the terminal parts of the twentieth century therefore, going more commercialised and industrialised and more integrated with engineering. He besides stated that the hereafter citizens pupils â€Å" should cognize something of the great rational accomplishments of scienceaˆÂ ¦their lives will be affected more straight, personally and, sometimes, adversely, by the ways in which scientific cognition is deployed through arrange of engineerings runing from medical specialty, conveyance and communicating to employment, design and fabrication † . Harmonizing to Jenkins, it is arguable â€Å" that the scientific discipline to be taught in schools should be relocated within these contexts, instead than, as at nowadays, be concerned with the grammar and sentence structure of the scientific subjects † . Teaching and Learning in Science A societal constructivist position is the prevailing position of larning in scientific discipline. Driver, Asoko, Leach, Mortimer, A ; Scott, 1994 wrote that basically this means † that scholars construct their ain cognition and apprehensions based on what they already know and the socio-cultural context in which they find themselves † . Learning is an effectual process in which scholars adopt doing sense of their understanding about the universe. However this is required of everyone so as to be able to work in the universe around them. Learning either in scientific discipline schoolrooms or any environment, from any beginning occurs in similar ways. Learners build cognition and thoughts in scientific discipline which logical to them by associating the new information acquired to their bing conceptual models. Significantly, the extra information is integrated into bing mental model in ways that are meaningful to the scholar. Therefore, scholars ‘ old cognition and experiences are of import in placing what their new cognition and apprehension will be like. Accountability of how pupils learn can be measured through effectual instruction. In another sense, good instructors know a great trade more than the capable affair they teach. Darling Hammond ( 1997 ) points out that Research confirms that instructor cognition of capable affair, pupil acquisition and development, and learning methods are all of import elements of instructor effectivity. The recent reappraisals of more than two 100 surveies contradict the long clip established myths which indicates that anyone can take up learning and that so called instructors are born and non made. Because scholars and contexts differ, there is no individual best attack for instruction of scientific discipline. Alternatively, in accomplishing effectual acquisition in scientific discipline assorted attacks are needed, to do a peculiar facet of scientific discipline available to each peculiar group of scholars. Clearly, significant contemplation and apprehension is indispensable on the portion of the scientific discipline teacher although this requires clip and experience but its ownership should non be undervalued. Shulman ( 1986 ) explained pedagogical content cognition to be a quality which involves careful planning in mixing the cognition of the topic and cognition of the scholar. Lemke 1990 demonstrated that Teachers must further the usage and development of linguistic communication accomplishments in scientific discipline as it is a topic which require the usage of linguistic communication in peculiar ways when depicting scientific constructs. For illustration, Words such as energy and work have specific significances in scientific discipline that are reasonably different to mundane significances. .Student besides need to be capable of utilizing appropriate linguistic communication in conveying and clear uping their thought and to pass on their apprehension of scientific discipline constructs in a scope of signifiers, including diagrams, tabular arraies, words, graphs and symbols. RESEARCH APPROACH /METHODOLOGY. David, Rawnsley, Darrell Fisher ( 1998 ) carried out an fact-finding research appraising a sample of 490 pupils in 23 Year 9 mathematics categories in Adelaide, South Australia. Year 9 pupils were chosen in this study sing that they are of the age where the instructor plays a important function in their schoolroom. During the twelvemonth 8, which is the first twelvemonth of the secondary school, there is a edifice block of newness and freshness about schooling, whilst in senior old ages pupils frequently have a motivational factor about their future employment or third survey. Besides, Year 9 by and large contains common mathematics across the twelvemonth group, which eliminates the divisions of concern and applied mathematics present in some Year 10 cohorts. Year 9 besides is known to be a complex twelvemonth for pupils and as a consequence one where the instructor has an cardinal function in the initiation of an proper schoolroom larning environment. Two instruments were used to ob tain the information from pupils ; 1: A alteration of What is Happening in this Classroom? ( WHIC ) was used to find the perceptual experiences of pupils about their schoolroom acquisition environment. 2: . The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction ( QTI ) was used to find pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior in the schoolroom. Choices of pupils besides were interviewed to supply qualitative informations to assist explicate and magnify the findings of the instruments. The version of the WHIC instrument used in this survey has been late developed for mensurating pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their schoolroom acquisition environment. The instrument which was developed in two signifiers consist of a Personal signifier and a Class signifier, both of which are indistinguishable but the accent in the Personal signifier is based on pupil ‘s perceptual experiences of his or her personal interaction with the schoolroom environment while, on the Class signifier each point focuses on pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of the category ‘s interactions with the schoolroom environment The instrument contains 64 statements, mensurating pupils ‘ perceptual experiences based on eight graduated tables. These 8 graduated tables step pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of the sum of ( 1 ) Student Cohesion, ( 2 ) Teacher Support, ( 3 ) Involvement/Negotiation ( 4 ) , Investigation, ( 5 ) Cooperation, ( 6 ) Undertaking Orientation, ( 7 ) Equity, and ( 8 ) Emphasis on Understanding in the schoolroom. Below are two given illustrations of the statements on the ( 1 ) personal and category signifiers and ( 2 ) Teacher support ( one of the eight graduated tables of measuring ) On the Personal signifier the first two points are, â€Å" I make friendly relationships among pupils in this category † and â€Å" I get to cognize other pupils in this category well † . These points have a personal focal point. The same points in the Class signifier have a category focal point: â€Å" Friendships are made among pupils in this category † ; and â€Å" Students in this category get to cognize each other good † . The instrument has been shown to be dependable, with acceptable discriminate cogency and to satisfactorily discriminate between categories. An illustration of the statements in the instrument based on instructor support that the pupils were asked to reply was ( a ) †The instructor takes a personal involvement in pupils † , and ( B ) â€Å" The instructor considers pupils ‘ feelings † . Given the undermentioned option for them to take ‘Almost Never Happens ‘ , ‘Seldom Happens ‘ , †˜Sometimes Happens ‘ , ‘Often Happens ‘ or ‘Almost Always Happens ‘ to find the state of affairs traveling on in the schoolrooms. After which Students ‘ perceptual experiences of their schoolroom acquisition environments are so profiled harmonizing to the category point average mark for each graduated table The 2nd instrument used in the study was the Questionnaire on Interaction ( QTI Teacher ) . This is a 48-item instrument which measures pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior in the schoolroom. It is based on the Leary ( 1957 ) theoretical account of interpersonal behavior and measures pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of the grade of dominance/submission and cooperation/opposition in the instructor ‘s behavior in the schoolroom. Brekelmans, Wubbels A ; Creton, 1990 attest to Its dependability and cogency and it has been good documented for surveies in The Netherlands. Interpersonal behavior by the instructor scores extremely on the Leadership graduated table and this is chiefly the dominant behavior in the schoolroom. Wubbles, Creton, Levy A ; Hooymayers,1993 explained that with a 2nd feature of cooperation, that such instructor will â€Å" detect what ‘s go oning, lead, organize, set undertakings, determine processs, construction the schoolroom state of affairs, explicate, keep attending † . . Table below shows the primary and secondary features and sample points from each of the eight dimensions of the QTI. When the category is surveyed, the category point mean for each dimension can so be mapped to demo the profile of pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior in the schoolroom. Consequence Associations Between Student Perceptions of their Classroom Learning Environment, Using the WHIC, and Student Outcomes can be grouped into two a ) Attitudinal results and B ) Cognitive results Attitudinal result ; The consequence obtained showed that there is high correlativity between the represented behavior in the graduated tables of the WHIC and pupils ‘ attitude towards their acquisition of mathematics. The consequence is both clear on the Personal and Class signifiers. In larning mathematics a more encouraging consequence were established in categories where pupils see coherence among themselves and just intervention, and where fact-finding work was carried out by pupils, and obtained a clear way of their undertaking. The surveies besides show that pupils appreciate a small sum of competition instead than stressing cooperation. Hattie, Byrne A ; Fraser ( 1987 ) found that pupils were more ready to clash and fight, and more marked in male pupils. Cognitive results in footings of simple correlativity and standardised Regression coefficients ; the graduated table of Investigation was negatively correlated with pupils ‘ cognitive results. This suggests that pupils who have the highest cognitive results see that they are involved in less fact-finding work in their mathematics categories. On the other manus, those pupils who observe they are involved in more fact-finding behavior scored lower on the cognitive trials. The QTI examines the interpersonal behavior between instructors and pupils, as perceived by pupils. The graduated tables of Leadership, Helping/Friendly, Understanding and Student Responsibility/Freedom each had positive correlativities with pupils ‘ attitudes towards the mathematics category. Conversely the staying four graduated tables of Uncertain, Dissatisfied, Admonishing and Strict interpersonal behavior each had negative correlativity It was discovered that a more positive attitudes was developed in categories where the instructor was perceived to be just, extremely supportive, stressing strongly on pupils ‘ understanding the work, were involved in probes, showed leading, helping-friendly behavior and lesser admonition of pupils. Students displayed the highest cognitive additions in categories where pupils discovered that the instructor emphasised understanding the work. The lowest cognitive additions was seen in categories where pupils perceived that the instructor was dissatisfied, gave excessively much freedom to them and duty, and where they were involved in probes. David, Rawnsley, Darrell and Fisher ( 1998 ) reported that † In categories where pupils view their instructor as largely demoing high degrees of Leadership, Helping/Friendly, and Understanding behavior, and give high degrees of Student Responsibility and Freedom, pupils have much healthier attitudes towards their category and bask their lessons more than in categories when the other side of instructor behavior is common. Where instructors show high degrees of Strict, Admonishing, Dissatisfied and Uncertain behavior, pupils do non bask their categories as much and develop more negative attitudes towards the topic. Consequently, the usage of the QTI in this survey, showed a strong correlativity between pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of their instructor ‘s interpersonal behavior and their attitudes towards the mathematics category. .This survey confirms the importance of interpersonal behavior which shows strong leading, coupled with helpful, friendly and understanding behavior. RECOMMENDATION. It is by and large acceptable that scientific literacy is a high precedence for all, assisting them to be interested in, and besides understand the universe around them, to prosecute in the discourses of and about scientific discipline, to be doubting and inquiring of claims made by others about scientific affairs, to be able to place inquiries and pull grounds based decisions, and to do informed determinations about the environment and their ain wellness and wellbeing. Osborne and Collins ‘ ( 2000 ) averment that a critical constituent of any scientific discipline class is to let geographic expedition of facets of modern-day scienceaˆÂ ¦such an component is indispensable to supplying a linking yarn between school scientific discipline and the â€Å" existent † universe of grownups, induing the topic with a relevancy that no other mechanism can. Whilst students will accept a course of study diet which consists mostly of the standard wisdom of uncontested and pre established cognition, modern-day scientific discipline offers a glance into the universe of here and now, non the universe of past. This is a universe of science-in-the-making, of future possibility and uncertainness where their positions can Get down.Teacher alteration is the footing of educational invention, reform and betterment. The research findings presented in this study emphasize repeatedly that the most of import factor in bettering acquisition is the instructor. Attempts to shut the spread must concentrate on assisting instructors recognize the spread between pupils ‘ existent demands in scientific discipline and what is offered in the existent course of study. Changes to instructors ‘ professional pattern involve important displacements in beliefs and professional Knowledge, and accordingly, take considerable clip, resources and attempt. A teaching manner that emphasizes an inquiry-oriented, student-centred, outcomes-focused attack requires more refined learning accomplishments than those associated with traditional didactic methods. Teachers working entirely in their schoolroom can do little stairss towards alteration. Teachers working jointly can do larger paces. Schools join forcesing make a greater impact still. But choice scientific discipline instruction course of study and professional development resources are really expensive and necessitate the really best expertness to develop. Collaborative ventures that pool the fiscal and human resources from a figure of legal powers have the possible to bring forth the world-class stuffs that are required for a modern-day, relevant and prosecuting scientific discipline instruction for all pupils. Decision The intent of school scientific discipline is to better scientific literacy of pupils. Scientifically literate individuals are interested in developing an apprehension of the universe around them, are doubting and inquiring of claims made by others about scientific affairs, take part in the discourses of and about scientific discipline, place inquiries and pull evidence-based decisions, and do informed determinations about the environment and their ain wellness and wellbeing. Educational legal powers have developed modern and progressive course of study Structure for school scientific discipline but despite this actions, there is a important spread between the † ideal † or intended course of study and the â€Å" existent † or implemented course of study. There is a high incompatibility between schools in the quality of scientific discipline instruction. Goodrum, Hackling and Rennie ( 2000 ) research indicates that In primary schools, where scientific discipline is taught, † it is by and large student-centred, activity-based and stimulates the wonder of pupils. In the compulsory old ages of secondary schooling, most pupils find scientific discipline unrelated to their involvements or concerns, and in many schools scientific discipline does non develop the acquisition outcomes that contribute to scientific literacy † . The set of carefully expressed recommendations given in their study provides the schemes that can be used in bettering the instruction and acquisition of scientific discipline in schools. This nevertheless enhances the consciousness of all stakeholders of the nature and importance of scientific literacy as the first measure. This is so followed by constructing the expertness of the instruction profession through improved resourcing of initial instructor instruction, motives to intrigue and keep our best immature people in scientific discipline instruction, and provides improved support for come oning professional growing of practising instructors within a construction of professional criterions. Qualified and experient instructors need greater course of study stuffs, comfortss and equipment if they are to set into consequence a quality scientific discipline plan. In the present clip, the quality of scientific discipline instruction and acquisition is restricted by attacks to assessment which are non focused on results that promotes scientific literacy or on the agreement of feedback to instructors and scholars so that learning and larning can be enhanced. A deficiency of national focal point, coaction and pooling of resources across legal powers presently limits the quality of the course of study and professional development resources that are being developed. How to cite Developing a relationship between student and teacher, Essay examples

An introduction to world management science - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the An introduction to world management science. Answer: Introduction: The point of sale system refers to the technology where the consumers carryout the payment regarding the products or services they buy from an organization. It is considered as the collaboration of hardware and software for allowing the vendors for taking transactions and making the everyday business operations easy (Smith 2014). Small and medium organizations are making progress in implementing information system within their environment. The POS system is capable of streamlining business process of SME so they can achieve more than just having flexibility regarding processing daily transaction. The report is consisted of various consequences of implementing POS system in the Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery. The organization is situated in the Colorado. The organization used to have manual processes to manage their business. The report describes advantages and disadvantages of POS system, POS system in gaining competitive advantage, advantage of having centralized database. Advantages and Disadvantages of the New POS System: The biggest advantage of the point of sale system is that business owners of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery are able to monitor the transactions related to sales in real time and this happens in automated way. The system has enable the organization to eliminate the need of manual procedure in the core sales transactions (Rodrguez 2017). Operating and managing the business has become easy for Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery owners can get crucial information by inputting, monitoring and sharing data. Decision making is a significant part of the business that assist in elaborating the business if properly observed and processed. As the point of sale system in Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery stores accurate data, decision making quality automatically gets better. As the current and accurate inventory related data is available to the owners of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery, they need not to make assumptions during placing orders (Nikolova and Inman 2015). Gaining compe titive advantage through having all the required data at hand has been possible. The most harmful drawback of the system that has been observed so far is the connection reliability is low. The software modifications are costly and it is not always possible for the organization. Gaining Competitive Advantage through POS System The biggest competitive advantage of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery is managing inventory in accurate manner. The system has allowed the owners of the organization to handle inventory, flag entities for reorder and evaluating the sales patterns (Lee et al. 2014). The POS system in Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery has been more than a cash register, as it has been processing in the core of sales transactions and allowing the organization to track and share useful data. The accuracy of data is crucial for business to achieve competitive advantage as these data and information is used for decision making process. The decision of taking a new perspective, real costs, offered the opportunity for shifting the production of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery to more profitable state thus making the business more competitive (Miller et al. 2017). The organization was not able to identify and understand this kind of business opportunity prior to development of POS system. Advantage of Centralized Database: The primary advantage of having a centralized database for Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery is having an improved data preservation process. In case any hardware fault occurs, the fault-tolerance setup in the centralized database is able to handle the situation. Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery is processing on numerous business and consumer related data. In such circumstances, having a secured environment for data is crucial (Eskandari et al. 2016). The centralized database is suitable for developing a security policy and infrastructure that can support the data security needs of the chosen business. The policies will be developed in such way that the possibility of damaging the data by a laptop will be minimal. Another good advantage of centralized database that has helped Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery to grow business is cost reduction in overall price of implementation of database (Kuipers et al. 2016). The maintenance cost of the centralized database is always less than maintaining several small databases. Having redundancy and high quality equipment have made the centralized database able to implement a secure and proper database system in the environment of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery system. POS System Facilitate Decision Making: Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nurserys business processes are consist of managing business internal activities, managing customer request, generating reports, managing inventory and many more. The POS system allows the organization to have full access to the business process related data and generate patterns for making the improvements in various parts of the business. The activities is always under control of the business owners (Anderson et al. 2015). Tracking the information in effective manner is not possible. The biggest issue with tracking the data through manual process is error in data accuracy. It has been observed in past that Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nurserys manual processes are tend to be full of errors. The organization was running their business in loss or negligible profit while having manual business processes. The questions can be asked by customers, management, inventory employees and few more personnel of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery. The consumers are tend to have intention of asking questions regarding the status of their delivery or products available (Karpovsky and Galliers 2015). The management can be asking questions related to gaps in the business processes, inventory staff can ask questions about the potential amount of raw materials required to purchase to fulfill customer need for a specific season. The information can be evaluated to identify customer buying patterns, effect of weather on the nursery, inventory assumptions and much more (Bennett 2015). The outcome of the evaluation will allow Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery to have better understanding of business opportunity and constraints. Recommend Telecommunication Options: LAN is the abbreviation of Local Area Network. This can be achieved through wired or wireless network. In case of WAN or wide area network, the coverage area of the network is larger than LAN. The wide area network is the combination of various small network coverage areas connected with each other. MAN or metropolitan refers to a network that is consisted with various network nodes connected with each other (Kokkinos et al. 2016). LAN is the best solution for Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery as this will allow the organization to have it whole network within a secured place from where conducting cybercrime is nearly impossible. The network will be developed using wired and wireless technology both. In case of connecting remote devices like laptop will be connected to Wi-Fi and machines like inventory in/out checking will be connected using RJ-45 cable (Vaquero and Merino 2014). The routers will be connected to each other through mesh topology so that if a router gets damaged then another path can be used for data transfer, results into uninterrupted data flow. Risks That POS System Brings: In terms of security risk, the physical attacks on the system can a harmful situation. Either employees of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery or an intruder can connect to the network using internal devices like authorized laptops to harm the system. The system can be accessed by the wireless network designed for remote devices. The cybercriminals can access to the network of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nurserys system if they are able to crack the password of the network (Edelman, Jaffe and Kominers 2016). They can reconfigure the whole network to damage the business process. The hacker can get into the system and steal the personal information of staff and customers. The same way the hackers can get their hands on the business confidential data like customer buying history, generated patterns, information of various deals and much more. Conclusion: From the above report it can be concluded that the system has been able to resolve the main issues of the business. The effect of the system could be seen right after the implementation of the system. The decision making is a significant process of Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nurserys business. The system is a good source of simplifying and increasing the quality of business decision making. The data validation and verification process ensures that only authorized and accurate data is stored into the database. The database is centralized and it allows the system to be secured. Using the LAN will allow the organization to have a secured network. It will be difficult for cybercriminals to hack the system as the whole network will be located into one place. Recommendations: E-Commerce: The organization can develop and integrate an e-commerce website and mobile app within its system. This will allow the organization to attract more customers. The business will be able to expand its business from local area to whole nation. The business will flourish with the new huge customer base. Taking Feedback: The feedback will be taken from end users and customers to identify the areas in which modifications can be done. The feedback will be analyzed and the points directing to a specific modification will be prioritized. Based on the priority, the changes will be done. Having an IT Expert Team: As the organization will not be contracting with any third party organization for their services, the system maintenance will be a hard process. An IT expert team will be able to handle any technical fault within the organization system. Improving Inventory Setup: As the inventory is the core of the business, the organization need to have a proper inventory setup to support business properly. Having barcode reader in the inventory will eliminate the error due to having manual product storage process. References: Anderson, D.R., Sweeney, D.J., Williams, T.A., Camm, J.D. and Cochran, J.J., 2015. An introduction to management science: quantitative approaches to decision making. Cengage learning. Bennett, E.L., 2015. Legal ivory trade in a corrupt world and its impact on African elephant populations. Conservation Biology, 29(1), pp.54-60. Edelman, B., Jaffe, S. and Kominers, S.D., 2016. To groupon or not to groupon: The profitability of deep discounts. Marketing Letters, 27(1), pp.39-53. Eskandari, S., Clark, J. and Hamou-Lhadj, A., 2016, July. Buy Your Coffee with Bitcoin: Real-World Deployment of a Bitcoin Point of Sale Terminal. 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